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Scientists have built a new kind of AI, called Strategist, that can design and refine its own reasoning routines. Instead of hand‑coding a single strategy, the system stores reusable snippets—called blueprints—in a library. When a new question set arrives, the agent first looks up similar blueprints, drafts a handful of candidate strategies, tests each with real examples, and then adds the successful ones back into the library. The process repeats until a strategy that outperforms a hand‑written baseline emerges.
The four‑stage pipeline—retrieve, propose, evaluate, accumulate—was illustrated in a figure that shows each iteration of this self‑learning loop.

On 30 benchmark tasks covering reading comprehension, math, programming, and commonsense, Strategist beat the best baseline on 24 tasks and reached nearly the same overall accuracy (74.7 % vs. 74.0 %) while using 39 % fewer weighted inference tokens. The gains came from the library’s growing repertoire of proven blueprints.
There are caveats. On HotpotQA and COPA the agent matched baseline accuracy but ran at about 6‑9 % higher cost. In medical‑question and math‑competition benchmarks it chose cheaper, less accurate strategies, trading 5‑7 % accuracy for 22‑56 % cost savings. Across all tasks the average cost reduction was 39 %.
| Benchmark | Ours Acc | BL Acc | ΔAcc | Ours Cost (k) | BL Cost (k) | ΔCost | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SQuAD v2 | 79.1 | 73.2 | ↑8.0% | 5.6 | 25.0 | ↓77.4% | Win |
| TruthfulQA | 69.0 | 64.5 | ↑7.0% | 5.8 | 7.5 | ↓21.9% | Win |
| 2WikiMQA | 76.5 | 72.5 | ↑5.5% | 33.8 | 98.6 | ↓65.7% | Win |
| Amazon-Rec | 28.0 | 24.0 | ↑16.7% | 45.6 | 70.3 | ↓35.1% | Win |
| SAT-Math | 98.2 | 94.5 | ↑3.8% | 4.9 | 12.1 | ↓59.4% | Win |
| LSAT-AR | 81.0 | 77.6 | ↑4.4% | 54.9 | 82.0 | ↓33.0% | Win |
| LSAT-RC | 81.5 | 78.5 | ↑3.8% | 12.4 | 24.8 | ↓49.9% | Win |
| NQ-Open | 19.0 | 17.0 | ↑11.8% | 19.1 | 34.4 | ↓44.5% | Win |
| LSAT-LR | 82.0 | 80.5 | ↑1.9% | 65.2 | 98.1 | ↓33.5% | Win |
| Gaokao-Math | 94.5 | 93.5 | ↑1.1% | 89.7 | 111.3 | ↓19.4% | Win |
| MuSiQue | 42.0 | 41.0 | ↑2.4% | 67.6 | 73.0 | ↓7.4% | Win |
| MMLU-STEM-Hard | 88.0 | 87.0 | ↑1.1% | 11.9 | 35.2 | ↓66.2% | Win |
| MMLU | 79.5 | 78.5 | ↑1.3% | 10.2 | 96.3 | ↓89.4% | Win |
| AQuA-RAT | 87.0 | 86.5 | ↑0.6% | 17.5 | 19.4 | ↓9.6% | Win |
| StrategyQA | 70.0 | 69.5 | ↑0.7% | 3.0 | 3.7 | ↓19.6% | Win |
| WinoGrande | 77.5 | 77.5 | 0.0% | 4.9 | 5.6 | ↓11.8% | Win |
| ANLI-R3 | 69.5 | 69.5 | 0.0% | 4.6 | 9.6 | ↓51.7% | Win |
| SVAMP | 93.0 | 93.5 | ↓0.5% | 1.8 | 2.0 | ↓9.3% | Win |
| SciQ | 97.5 | 98.0 | ↓0.5% | 1.2 | 3.7 | ↓69.1% | Win |
| HellaSwag | 70.5 | 71.0 | ↓0.7% | 9.0 | 22.9 | ↓60.9% | Win |
| BBH | 85.0 | 86.0 | ↓1.2% | 23.3 | 42.5 | ↓45.2% | Win |
| CommonsenseQA | 76.5 | 77.5 | ↓1.3% | 5.8 | 14.8 | ↓60.8% | Win |
| GSM8K | 92.0 | 94.0 | ↓2.1% | 8.3 | 62.8 | ↓86.8% | Win |
| ASDiv | 93.0 | 95.0 | ↓2.1% | 6.9 | 36.6 | ↓81.1% | Win |
| MBPP+ | 80.5 | 79.0 | ↑1.9% | 108.5 | 109.0 | ↓0.4% | Tie |
| MinervaM | 38.5 | 39.0 | ↓1.3% | 28.2 | 28.7 | ↓1.5% | Tie |
| MedQA | 68.5 | 72.5 | ↓5.5% | 12.6 | 28.5 | ↓55.8% | Mixed |
| AIME 2024 | 60.0 | 65.0 | ↓7.7% | 287.6 | 372.5 | ↓22.8% | Mixed |
| HotpotQA | 64.5 | 64.0 | ↑0.8% | 34.7 | 31.9 | ↑9.0% | Lose |
| COPA | 100.0 | 100.0 | 0.0% | 2.4 | 2.3 | ↑6.1% | Lose |
Importantly, the strategies discovered by Strategist transferred to tasks it had never seen before and to other language models, without a fresh search.
At the end of the paper the authors emphasize that the agent’s improvement comes from its own learning of inference strategies—what the field has previously left to human engineers.