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Active molecules trigger a fluidization transition in supercooled water

October 29, 2026arXiv: 2610.37562v1

A fluidization transition can be induced in supercooled water by activating only a few molecules. The activation is applied by a force along each active molecule’s immediate mobility for 10 ps, followed by 30 ps of inactivity, creating a 40 ps cycle. This force helps the active molecules escape their surrounding cage, similar to raising the temperature locally, but it does not reduce dynamic heterogeneity as normal heating does.

The transition is most pronounced when the activation force is about 3.5 pN, matching the typical force generated by protein motors. At this force the dynamic heterogeneity—measured by the α₂ parameter—peaks, and the Stokes–Einstein relationship is most strongly violated, indicating a sudden increase in cooperative motion.

Finite simulation size limits the height of these peaks and the accompanying diffusion‐rate bumps. The study was carried out at a single temperature of 220 K using the TIP5PE water model, so results may vary with other temperatures or models.

These findings suggest that minimal activity can mobilize supercooled liquids, offering a new perspective on how active matter influences glassy dynamics.

Source paper

Activation force dependence of the fluidization transition in supercooled active water

cond-mat.soft
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Active molecules trigger a fluidization transition in supercooled water | arXiv News