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Blazar PKS 0301‑243 shows two optical periodicities, hinting at a supermassive black‑hole binary | arXiv News

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High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaEnglishPublished

Blazar PKS 0301‑243 shows two optical periodicities, hinting at a supermassive black‑hole binary

November 7, 2026arXiv: 2611.08332v1

A new study of the blazar PKS 0301‑243 has found two repeating brightening cycles in its optical light. The first cycle lasts about 269 days (269 ± 13 days) and appears in both the Zwicky Transient Facility g and r bands. The two periods were identified independently with three different time‑series methods: the generalized Lomb–Scargle periodogram, the weighted wavelet Z‑transform and Gaussian‑process regression. For the 269‑day signal the global significance is 2.75σ in the g band and 2.18σ in the r band; for the 889‑day signal the global significance is 1.97σ. The optical patterns persist across at least 7 cycles for the short period and about 5 cycles for the long period. The authors suggest the 269‑day period could trace the orbital motion of a close pair of supermassive black holes, while the 889‑day signal might come from precession of the jet. However, the evidence for the longer period depends on the chosen red‑noise model and the 269‑day period cannot be confirmed in the sparser KAIT data. Thus, the blazar remains a promising, but not yet confirmed, candidate for a black‑hole binary.

Source paper

The complex periodic variability of PKS 0301-243: hints of a supermassive black hole binary candidate

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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